vocabulario B1# países y nacionalidades

Esta es una lista de países y nacionalidades de vocabulario B1 en inglés para beginners. Como es nuestra primera primera toma de contacto, vamos a ver solo los países más conocidos.

En la lección de vocabulario C1 avanzado, tiene una lista más exhaustiva y explicaciones ampliadas.

nacionalidades

Las nacionalidades son adjetivos y eso implica dos cosas:

No tienen género ni número. Es decir son invariables y solo tienen una única forma, que equivale a las cuatro del español.

French	francés
French	francesa
French	franceses
French	francesas

Además, como adjetivos que son, nunca pueden ir solos en la frase, siempre tienen que ir seguidos de un sustantivo o los pronombres one & ones.

a French person	un francés / una francesa
a French man	un francés
a French woman	una francesa
French people	los franceses

En inglés, las nacionalidades, al igual que los países, también van en mayúscula.

Las nacionalidades en inglés se hacen añadiendo al país los siguientes sufijos:

En Europa, la mayoría de nacionalidades se hacen añadiendo —ish o —ch.

Sin embargo, algunos las hacen añadiendo —an, que es lo típico de las nacionalidades de América.

Además, existen las nacionalidades terminadas en —ese o en —er y algunas otras que son únicas.

Europe

The south of Europe is known for its mild weather, delicious food and laid-back lifestyle. The Mediterranean Sea connects all these nations and it is commonly called the cradle of European civilization.

	Portugal	Portuguese
	Spain	Spanish
	France	French
	Italy	Italian
	Greece	Greek
	Turkey	Turkish

Many countries call Central Europe their home. From the smaller nations of Belgium, The Netherlands and Luxembourg, usually referred to as The Benelux, to the German speaking countries of Switzerland, Germany and Austria, these countries are famous for their industrious people and high living standards.

	Belgium	Belgian
	The Netherlands	Dutch
	Luxembourg	Luxembourger
	Germany	German
	Austria	Austrian
	Switzerland	Swiss

Eastern Europe is also home for many different countries.

They are usually group together as they used to be Soviet Republics but their history dates back many centuries and their cultures are very diverse and rich. Nowadays, they are trendy countries for tourists worldwide.

	Poland	Polish
	Hungary	Hungarian
	Czech Republic	Czech
	Romania	Romanian
	Ukraine	Ukrainian
	Russia	Russian

The Scandinavian countries occupy the northern part of Europe. They are known for their cold weather and short nights but also for their high quality of life and strong democracies.

They are usually ranked as the best countries to live and Denmark has won several years the award as the happiest country in the world.

Although Iceland is technically not part of Scandinavia it is usually group together because of their cultural ties. It is a volcanic island which homes some of the most amazing landscapes in the our planet.

	Denmark	Danish
	Sweden	Swedish
	Norway	Norwegian
	Finland	Finnish
	Iceland	Icelander

The United Kingdom is a country made up of the union of four different countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

The UK shares The British Isles with the Republic of Ireland, which a different country. They all have English as their national language but people speak other languages as well like Gaelic.

	The United Kingdom	British
	England	English
	Scotland	Scottish
	Wales	Welsh
	Northern Ireland	Northern Irish
	Ireland	Irish

The Americas

In Spanish, America is considered just one continent but not in English, as they split it up into North America and South America. If you want to talk about both of them as the same time, in English you can say The Americas. Also, in English, America only refers to the USA, not the continent.

Many people forget about it but, geographically speaking, Mexico is in North America, along the USA and Canada.

Mexico is the only country in North America with Spanish as their national language. Canada has two, English and French. Although it might come as a surprise, the USA has no official language.

	Canada	Canadian
	the USA	American
	Mexico	Mexican

Since most countries in South America have Spanish as their national language and are culturally Hispanic, their names in English are very similar to their names in Spanish.

	Colombia	Colombian
	Venezuela	Venezuelan
	Brazil	Brazilian
	Bolivia	Bolivian
	Peru	Peruvian
	Ecuador	Ecuadorian
	Chile	Chilean
	Argentina	Argentinean

There are several countries in The Caribbean Sea. They all are island nations, such as Cuba, Jamaica or Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico is an independent country but it has a special association with the USA and it is sometimes referred to as the 51st state.

	Cuba	Cuban
	Jamaica	Jamaican
	Puerto Rico	Puerto Rican

Asia

Asia is by far the largest continent in our planet, stretching from the Mediterranean Sea to the Pacific Ocean, therefore home to some of the largest countries as well, like China or India.

On the western part of Asia we can find many different countries. This part of the world is known for being the cradle of human civilization and also for having the largest reserves of oil in our planet.

	Israel	Israeli
	Iraq	Iraqi
	Iran	Iranian
	Saudi Arabia	Saudi Arabian
	United Arab Emirates	Emirati

South East Asia is the tropical region of Asia, where several countries share one of the hottest and most humid climates in the world.

These countries are very popular nowadays among backpackers. They offer amazing landscapes, delicious food and friendly people at very affordable prices.

	The Philippines	Filipino
	Thailand	Thai
	Vietnam	Vietnamese
	Cambodia	Cambodian
	Malaysia	Malaysian

The largest and most populous countries in the world are in Asia. China is number one, with over 1.4 billion people calling China home. India is number two but it is expected to become the most populated country by the end of the century.

All these countries have amazing cultures dating back thousands of years. They are also home for some of the most important religions and gastronomy.

	India	Indian
	Pakistan	Pakistani
	China	Chinese
	Mongolia	Mongolian
	North Korea	North Korean
	South Korea	South Korean
	Japan	Japanese

Africa

North Africa borders the Mediterranean to the north and the Sahara desert to the south, which works as a natural barrier, separating these countries from the rest of the continent.

	Morocco	Moroccan
	Algeria	Algerian
	Egypt	Egyptian

Africa is still unknown for most people and we tend to think about it as just one country. However, there are many different nations in Africa, with different cultures, customs and traditions that make them unique.

Africa is regarded as a poor continent by the international community but it is thriving really fast and life conditions are improving greatly.

	Ethiopia	Ethiopian
	Kenya	Kenyan
	Tanzania	Tanzanian
	Sudan	Sudanese
	Nigeria	Nigerian
	Ghana	Ghanan
	Madagascar	Madagascarian
	South Africa	South African

Oceania

Although the term Oceania does exist in English, most people never use it and they simply say Australia when they mean the whole continent of Oceania because it is by far the largest country.

New Zealand and Papua New Guinea are also pretty large countries unlike the rest of nations in Oceania, which are tiny island nations like Polynesia or Fiji. However their size, these micronations are seen as heaven on earth because they have wonderful weather, some of the most beautiful landscapes in the world and very friendly people.